Car construction



O. C. DURYEA CAR CONSTRUCTION Nov. 27, 1928.

Original Fled'April 30, 1925 IHNh IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIN r| Patented Nov. 27, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENTy OFFICE.

'OTHO C. DURYEA, 0F WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR T0 O. C. EURYEA COR- PORATIQN, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE can CONSTRUCTION. Application led April 30, 1925, Serial No. 27,041. Renewed August 29, 1928.

This invention relates to railway rolling means. For example, it has been proposed stock, and more particularly to a railway car to construct a railway car comprising a ofthe type described in my co-pending apheavy underframe on which is slidably plioation Serial No. 23,111, filed April 14, mounted a car body, said underframe and 1925, which is so constructed that the body car body being provided with buffer blocks 55 has limited longitudinal movement relative between the underframe and car body at the to the running gear. opposite Lends thereof and at the center Damage frequently results to railway cars thereof. Between each pair of buffer blocks and lading in the course of ordinary operawere introduced a plurality of groups of tion due to the large amount of energy which spring plates to absorb shocks imparted to no must be absorbed or dissipated when buffthe car ody and to normally maintain said ing a car, when/a stationary car is placed body centered on said underframe. This in motion, or when sudden changesin speed arrangement requires the length of the car are imparted to the saine.` 'body to be materially shortened, thereby de- Efforts have been made to overcome the creasing its carrying capacity or, if the car o5 damage to the car structure by increasing body is maintained at standard length, the the stiffness and rigidity of the structural over-all length of the Car structure must be elements such, for example, as the center sill, increased which is highly objectionable forv olsters, cross bearers, etc. As the stiffness reasons well known in the art.

of the structural elements is increased, the Moreover, the structures of the above type 70 capacity of said elements to elastically abheretofore employed, have differed so sorb blows is decreased, and consequently the greatly from standard car construction, have inertia of the car, andits lading, play a been so expensive to manufacture, or have proportionally greater part in tending to required the addition of so many structural disrupt the structure under the influence o f elements, thereby greatly increasing the 75 Such blows which act on the vcar more as a weight of the car, as to render the same unpure impact and less as a yieldingly transsatisfactory for general use, v

mitted force. An object of the present inventionlis to In order to lower the high peak pressures provide a railway car of the longitudinally resulting from the use of very rigid strucmovable body type conforming closely to the tures railway draft gears are designed to construction at present employed in standyieldingly resist destructive forces imparted ard railway rolling stock, which embodies to the car structure. The standard draft novel means for overcoming the above obgear, however, is limited to a motion of apjections.

35 proximately three inchesand, as is well Another object of the invention is to pro- 35 understood in the art, it is practically imvide novel, resilient means for yieldingly repossible to dissipate or absorb the large sisting relative movement between the runforces involved with mechanism which is so ning gear and the car body. limited in its travel. This diiculty can-l ,i A further object is to provide novel means 404 not beovercome by increasing the travel of which constitute draft sills and which perthe draft gears since such an arrangement form other functions to be set forth more increases the slack between cars and this is fullv hereinafter. hig y objectionable for reasons well known A further object of the invention is to provin the art.` vide novel means for associating certain of 45. s Inorder to overcome the above objections the transverse body members with the runit has heretofore been proposed to construct. ning gear.' These and other objects will aprailway cars in such a manner that the car pear more fully heremaftei'. Y s

body has limited longitudinal movement One form which the inventive idea may relative to the running gear, said longitudiassume is shown in the accompanying draw- GG nal movement being controlled by resilient ings, which drawings, however, are for the form of the present invention;

throughout the several Fig. 2 is a detail transverse sectional view,

somewhat enlarged, illustrating one mannerV in which certain ofv the transverse body members may be associated with the running gear;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view, taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken Qn the line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference characters refer to like parts views, the running geark constituting a portion of the subject matter of the present invention, preferably comprises a center member, constituting a draft member 10 which, in the form shown, includes a center sill composed of two longitudinally disposed U-shaped channel meinbers 11 that are mounted with the flanges of the same extending downwardly. Rigidly secured in any 'desired manner, as by means of rivets, to the opposite ends of the channel members 11, are irregular shaped castings 12 which constitute draft sills and which perform certain `other functions to be pointed out more fully hereinafter. As shown more clearly in Fig. 3, the draft sills 12 are provided on the lower surface thereof with an integrally formed portion constituting a center plate13for engagement .with a truck bolster 14 in a manner which is well understood in the art. Thedraft sill members 12 are provided closely adjacent the ends of the channel members 11 with transverse openings 15 and through these openings extend body bolsters 16. As shown, the body bolsters 16 are formed of a plurality of vertically disposed plates or leaves vconstituting a leaf spring, the leaves of the spring being provided with spring clips 17 'and 18. Suitable means, such for example as the pin 19 (Fig. 3), extends downwardly through an opening 20 formed in the upper surface of that portion of the draft sill member 12 immediately above the opening 15, through an opening 21 in register with the opening 20 and formed in the lower surface of the draft sill member 12, and thence downwardly through an opening in the truck bolster 14, which pin constitutes a kingfpin. In order to rigidly secure the resilient body bolsters against lateral movement relative to the draft sill members l2', suitable-means,- suchl as the wedge-shaped plate 22,'may be positioned between the truck bolster 16 and the adjacent sidewall of the opening 15, and may be welded in place at one of the ends thereof. Mounted -tached 1n. any

in the usual manner in the draft' sills 12 are draft gears 23 of any suitable type, which have operative engagement with coupler Shanks 24. If desired, the running gear may also include additional transverse members or cross bearers 25 of the type disclosed in my 111, filed April 14, 1925, but preferably the cross bearers 25 constitute a portion of the body structure, as will be pointed out morel fully hereinafter. v y

A body of any suitable type is mounted for relative longitudinal movement on the running gear. In the form' shown, the body structure is represented by side sills'26, end sills 27, cross be-arers 25, and a suitable flooring 29. As shown more Clearly in Fig. 2, the cross bearers are rigidly Secured at their opposite ends, as by means of rivets, to the side sills 26 and the'central ,portion of said cross bearers preferably extends between the upper and lower channel members 11 constituting the center sill. Diagonal bracing members 30 and gusset plates 31 may be employed ,for bracing and strengthening the body structure, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1. Secured to the upper surface ofthe cross bearers 25 are one or more wedge-shaped friction shoes 32 which have frictional engagement with a block 33 that is'rigidly atdesiredmanner tothe lower surface of the upper channel member 11, said block being provided with grooves 34 It will be understood that by varying the co-pending application Serial No. 23,-'

angularity of the friction elements` 32 and the grooves 34 the amount of friction between these elements may. be changed as desired. Preferably, longitudinally extending members 28 are secured to the flooring 29 beneath the same and in frictional engagement with the upper surface of the upper channel member 11.

The resilient members 16 constituting the body bolsters are secured at their opposite ends in anydesired manner to the side sills 26. ,j In the form shown, members 35, which are preferably castings are, rigidly attached to the inner surface of the side sills 26 adjacent the endsofv the bolsters 16. Extending through `the lends of the bolsters 16 and through registering openings in the members 35 and retained in position by means o'f members 36 which maybe rigidly securedk to the lower surface of side sills 26, are pins 37 constituting a pivotal connection'betwen the side sills and the bolsters. The members 35 are also preferably provided` with inwardly projecting portions 35?.

The draft sill members may be provided withlaterally extending arms 12a braced bv diagonally disposed portions 12b, said arms extending outwardly into the plane of the side sills 26 and the portions 35a of the i manufacture.

castings 35. The portions 35a constitute stops for positively limiting relative movement between the car body structure and the running gear. Preferably the laterally ex- R as viewed in Fig. 1, this force is yieldingly th transferred through the resilient bolsters 16v and the pins 37 to the car body structure. The elements constituting the running gear tend to move to the left but the inertia of the body structure opposes this tendency. Due to the resilient members 16, the inertia of the body structure is yieldingly overcome butthere results relative longitudinal movement between the body structure and the running gear. If this relative-movement is suliciently great the spring clips 17 contact with the projecting portions'or bosses 12c formed on the draft members 12, whereupon the resiliency of the bolsters is decreased, due to the shortening of the moment arm, i. e.,

the moment arm originally extended from the L pin 19 to the pins 36 and the resiliency of the bolsters was accordingly great, but when the clips 17 contact with the portions 12e the length of this arm ening of the moment arm prevents a sudden and violent engagement betweenthe outer ends of the arms 12c of the draft sill bers 12 and the stops 35a,.since the resisting force of the springs lncreases as the moment i arm is shortened. v Relative movement between the running gear and the body structure is resisted in either direction by each of the resilient bolsters 16. Since the s ring plates forming the bolsters are vertically disposed, said plates constitute rigid transverse supporting members for the body structure in vertical planes, but said plates are capable of yielding ina horizontal plane. The relative movement between the body and the running gear is alsoyieldingly resisted by the friction between the cross bearers 25 and the members 33k secured to the upper channel member 11, whichl friction may be increased or decreased as desired, in a manner pointed out above. Moreover the friction between members 28 ber 11 cooperates with the flexible vbolsters to yieldingly resist relative movement of the body. f

It will be seen that there is provided a railway c`ar of the longitudinally movable body type which is extremely simple in constructionand which is rugged and inexpensive to adapted to prevent damage to the car body or lading during the usual operation.

is decreased. This short mem-. ing running relative longitudinal and channel mem- The structure is particularly VariousY changes may be made in the details of con struction. For example, the draft sills are shown as integrally ormed castings but it will b tically disposed leaves secured to said member, and a body secured to said bolsters and .adapted for longitudinalmovement relative to said member. a

3. A railway c'ar'comprising running gear including resilient body bolsters, and a body supported by said bolsters and pivotally secured thereto.

formed of a pluy secured to said bolsters and supported 4. A railway car comprising a center membem bolsters flexible in a horizontal plane secured to the center-member,` and a body secured to said bolsters and adapted for longitudinal movement relative to said member. K 5. A railway car comprising a center sill, draft sills secured thereto, resilient bolsters secured to said draft sills,'and a body secured to said bolsters and adapted for limited longitudinal movement relative to said ,draft sills.

6. A device of the class described comprisgear lincluding draft sills and bolsters secured thereto, a --bodysecured to and adaptedgfor longitudinall movement relative to said draft sills, said bolsters being adapted to yieldingly resist movement offsaid body and'constituting rigid supporting', members for said body in a vertical plane.

7. A device of the class described comprising a center sill, draft sills, flexible bolsters extending through said draft sills, and a body mounted on said bolstersI and secured thereto, said body being adapted for longitudinal center sill.

8. A railway car comprising running gear' including a center sill, draft sills, 'and bolmovementy relative to said sters, a body including cross bearers mounted for longitudinal p movement relative to said draft sills, said relative movement of the `body being yieldingly resisted by Ysaid ,bol-

sters and by the frictional engagementof the cross bearers with said center sill.'

9, A railway car comprising runnin-g gear including a center member andbolsters, a body including cross bearers, and coacting friction elements secured to said cross bearers and center member, said body being secured' to said bolsters and adapted for longitudinal movement relative to said center member, the'relative movement of said body being yieldingly resisted by the friction of said elements. l 'j 10. A railway car comprising a center member, flexible bodybolsters, and a body including cross bearers .mounted for longia tudinal movement relative to said member, said cross bearers having frictional engagement with said center member, v"relative movement of said body being yieldingly resisted by said bolsters and the friction between the cross bearers and center member.

11. A railway car comprising running gear including holsters, and a body supported by said holsters, the latter being flexible in the horizontal plane of the same and -rigid in vertical planes thereof.

12. A railway car comprising a center sill, draft sills having" laterally extending arms, fleXible-bolsters secured to said draft sills, a body including, side sills secured to said holsters, said body being mounted for longitudinal movement relative to said center sill,

-and meanssecuredto said side sills for enment relative to said draft sills, said transverse members being adapted to yieldingly resist relative longitudinal movement of said lbody and to engage said arms intermediate the length of the same.

14. A` railway. carA comprising running gear including a center member 'and transverse flexible members constituting body sters,

holsters, a body mounted on said running gear for longitudinal movement relative to said center member, said transverse members being adapted to yieldingly resist relative movement of said body.

' 15. A 'railway car comprising ruiming gear including a Center member and holsters a body mountedV on said running gear for limited longitudinal movement relative to `1 said member, cross bearers rigidly secured to said body, and coacting friction elements carried by the center member and cross bearers for' yieldingly resisting relative longitudinal movement of the body.

16. A device of thel class described comprising running gear including a center member and bolsters formed of a plurality of vertically disposed leaf springs, a car body having cross bearers mounted for relative longitudinal movement on said running gear, saidcross bearers having sliding engagement with said center member, and means for connecting said body to said leaf springs.

17 A device of the class described comprising running gear including a center Sill, transverse supporting members secured thereto and draft 'sill members secured to said .center sill, a car'body including end sills and side sills mounted for longitudinal movement relative to said `center sill, and means securing Said side sills to said bolmeans for resisting relative longitudinal movement between the body and running gear in either direction In testimony whereof. Ihave signed this specification.

OTH() C. DURYEA.

said holsters constituting yielding 

